Oil burning apparatus



Feb. 16, 1954 W. DE LANCEY OIL BURNING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledMarch 31, 1949 INVENTOR. H Dela/7c W//%/ 1954 w. H. DE LANCEY ,669,184

on. BURNING APPARATUS Filed March 51. .1949

4 Sheets-Sheet 5 I27 I INVENTOR.

I warren /7 Oelancge Z I Patented Feb. 16, 1954 ED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

OI'LBUR'NING APPKR-ATUS Wan-en" Ht De: Isarncey, Springfield,, Mass. as;

signo'nto Afla-ntiu Development Gompamgl Inez, Springfield,, Massi acorporation of. Masseuchusettsr The: present inventionrelates t6 airiatemizing oil burning apparatus which are". sometimes: re; ferred '60-as love pressure type bur-11ers? Burners require primary" and seeondary"supplies of aii for facilitating the proper comhustionr o'f tiie7f1e'1;9:11:1 they" are generaily adapted. to con:- slirrie 01'1 at a low'rateiii the amount-perhour, so that they'may beempleyeki with smallsizheate'rs for'domestichouse andliot'water'fieetihg and the like.apparatus; When so employed? burnersof this type" usuallycohsumesuhstantietlly less than ohefgeflbflpeffiotifl A primary 'oh'jectof-th'e present invent-ion is to providean improved oilburning-'epperatus of the above described type'whicli; although edept edto utilize a nozzle with" at relatively l'ttrge orifice, is, at the"same tinfe;,.s" constructed" that it will efileien'tly' consume" fuel atalbw rate" in the ameuntpenh'our;

provide ana-i'r atomizing type'burner'witw a fuel supply system whichwill require no vai'vemea-n's for. controlling the flo'w' o1" fuel fromthe" fuel bump to the burner: nozzle;

- A" still further object of' the: present invention to provide an oilBurning apparatus" of the abovedescrifiedtype Wh'i'chfi's soconstructedthat it. will be most inexpensive; of" manufacture and upkeep.

Yet another objec'tiof the present invention is to. provide a burneror.the" above described type with. means. whereloy the". secondary new of"air wi11' be continued" lon'g aift'e'r tii'epriina'ry'air flow and theflow 013' fuel" to" the" nozzle He's" ceased; thereby to insure that"the: burner-blast" tube and the furnace its'elf willkieiproperly purged"of any andelfresidiialfuerfumes. s A With: tHeetb'ove. and otherobi'ents'inview; as wi1'1 hereinafter appear, the invention comprisesthe-'devi'bes, combinations; and arrangements of parts hereinafter setforth and illustrated in the etc'compiatnyihg diaWingS 0E a-' preferredembodimerit oftfi'e' inventien; fromwfricittfieseverai feetures' of theinvention and the advantages: at tented tfierebyw-ilb re'adii'y' 'be'understoedlby"those skiiiedinthe a rt.

In the drawings,

Fig: 1 represents aiseetienetii eievetiunale view of a portion of an 011Burning empavatusi embodying tfie present -ihventiem:

Figs2 repi'eseiitsg on ain enlarged scale an end; view ai -"am air and?tueirpumprunit, which? view is: taken: substantial alongctheumee 29% atBig. 1

Eigeerepresentsfw sectional vi'ewsof anfair valv in'g unit' whio'h is;takensubstantitflly aibngrli'ne 4!-4OfiFigL2.

Rig." S-represems' aa-tbp plbm view-of the ai'r'end fuel pumping". unitwhich; is di'selosecl in- Figs; 2 audit:-

Fig: 6* represents. a: sect'ibnal view takensubstantially; aiorrrthe1ine6-6i ofFig: 32

Fig; 7 represents a se'ct'iohefl view taken substantiailyeiongthe line 11 ofi Fig. 32

Fig: 8 represents on err emerged scale; a sectiona view takensubstantially aiorrg the-fiiIIGW-B of"Fi'g.-1

Fig; 9! represents; onan emerged scale, w free--menterylbngitiudihelsectienei view oftheatbmizing'r nozzle e'mplbyed in"the present burner.

Fig: I0represents=a sectional View of the burner nozzle takemsubstentiell'y etlong the l'ihe" IU -l'fl Fig: 1'1 represents; on avsmall scale, at side elevationeIv-iew showing an oilburnerunitf whichthe present iiiventibnis'embodiedi Fig: 1 2 represents a sectional view"taken 51116- stentially ai'ohg the line" F2 l2 of Fiig. 1".

Fig. 13' represents a sectional view" t'ak'err substantially along theline If3--I3I ofF'ig. 1T. Referring particularly toFigs. 1" and. 11,there is disclosewan' oil burner' apparatus-iii: Whibh the present"invention is" incorporated. This burner apparatus includes an" airconduito'r' bl'a'st'. tube l'5 leading" from the outlet; portion of anair-supply housingf6. This housing lfi'is mounted';,in;turrr, upon 2;bas'em'ember' H" which" is'adapted to rest upon a' fiber; surface andsupport the entire burner assembly.

The housing; IG'has a; fench'amber l8"whi'c1'i is provided. at" one sidethereof with. an; aperture: 1 9; through which air. may gain entranceihto, the chamber. This opening; may be covered, by afilter"s'creen.2*fil Air i's-ad'apted; to be delivered. from'th'e fim'chamber. I8".to a plenum chaml'n'erli'i andthenoutT through the Blasttube I151 Whenai'n use,,t1i'e oiLburner apparatusisipositionedsorthatthe. discharge endiof'theblest tube liextend's mm tfie'fii'ebox or.comlilistionchamben of etfimuace;

As. may be. pant'imilarly, not'exil in Fig. 19,,t1'1e cfiamiier l8. isproviiied witherwalLopeningzi'zin which is mounted" an electric. motorwhibh is generally. designated; by. the numeral; 23.. It; will, be.understoed'. that this, motor has. a, centriihgali type fen. 24C securedat one end portion thereof; and an. air. and" fuel. pumping unit 25,secured. eti the; othen en'dg. thereofl Secured upene. the righte hand;end; portiom of? the: aih filBI pumping a unit 6y! nieainse of lbracket; 25'. is" a; flea-twelve; zgparamus; eeneteny; designated by;the.- numeral! 25. From this, it is to be understood that the elements$33, 24, 25 and 25 are all secured together so as to form an unitarystructure which may be readily applied to or dismounted from the easmgto as a single unit. Bolts El, 2! are threaded into the casing it so asto maintain the motor, along with its above noted auxiliary elements, ina proper position, and an enclosure shell 28 may be suitably connectedwith the casing It so as to cover the motor 23 and such auxiliaryelements. The right-hand end portion of the shell 23 is provided with anopening 3!! in which is secured a filter screen 3! which functions tofilter air which is drawn into the above noted fuel and air pumpingelement 25 in a manner as will be hereinafter described.

The present electric motor includes the usual stator and rotor elements32 and 33. The stator 32 may be connected to a suitable source of powerby means of conventional conductors which are not disclosed herein.Secured to the rotor 33 is a rotor shaft 34 which has secured thereupona plate 35 which forms the driving portion of a centrifugal orspeed-responsive clutch, the driven portion of which is designated bythe numeral This centrifugal clutch is of a conventional design, and thedriven member 36 thereof is secured directly upon the distal end of anair and fuel pump shaft 31. Such a clutch is shown in my Patent No.2,364,132, granted December 5, 1944.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1. 3, and 5, the present air and fuelpump unit 25 comprises a substantially cylindrical housing 38 which issecured by means of bolts 39 to a mounting or end plate 40. Thismounting plate ill is secured by suitable bolts, not herein shown, tothe righthand end ortion of the motor casing, so that the shaft 31 ofthe unit 25 may proiect through an opening 4i formed within the motorhousing. It is to be understood that the shaft 3? is disposed coaxiallyof the motor shaft 34 and as hereinabove noted, the distal end portionof the shaft 3? is connected to the motor shaft by means of aspeed-responsive clutch.

The air pump disposed within the unit 25 is of the positively-actingdisplacement type, and to receive this pump, the housing 38 is providedat its left-hand portion with a cylindrical recess 42 which is normallyclosed over by means of the mounting or end plate 4! This cylindricalrecess 42 is located. eccentrically of the pump shaft 51 and has disosed therein and coaxially of the shaft. a ump rotor 43. This rotor 43is provided with a series of radial slots 44. .4, each one of which isada ted to rece ve a slidin blade 45. The outer edges of these bladesengage the inner peri heral wall of the recess 42 so as to produce a uming action. As may be articularly noted in Fig. 3, the end faces of therotor 43 have annular rece ses 45, 45 in each side thereof so as toreceive rings 41. The ends of each blade 45 rest upon the outerperipheral surface of these rings, and are thereby held with the outeredge of each in contact with the inner eripheral surface of the recess42. Snap rings 43', 43' recessed within the shaft 3i prevent the shaft31 from shifting len thwise of the casing 38. Inlet and outlet ports 48and 49, respectively, are formed as arcuate grooves in the inner endwall of the recess or pump chamber 42. Air enters the spaces betweenthese successive blades from port 48, and is carried in a clockwisedirection. as viewed in Fig. 2, and discharged into port 49. Those sklled in the art will readily appreciate that this particular pumpconstruction is, generally old and well-known and thus, a more detaileddescription of the pump is not deemed necessary.

Air is admitted to port 48 by means of a passage 50'which is bestdisclosed in Figs. 2 and 5. The passage 50 leads from the port 48 to agenerally circular recess 5| which, as best disclosed in Fig. 3, iscovered over by means of an air filter 52. This filter is held in placeby a snap ring 53 engaged in a groove in a peripheral wall of the recess5|. As hereinabove noted, the air may reach the recess 5| by way of theopening 30 provided in the covering shell 28.

The air outlet port 49 is connected to a discharge conduit 54 by way ofa short passage 55 (see Figs. 2 and 4) and thus, the air under pressureis forced from the pump into the discharge passage 54.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, it is to be understoodthat the upper portion of the air discharge passage 54 is threaded as at56, so as to have connected thereto a tube 5'! which, as willhereinafter be described, is adapted to conduct this primary source ofair to and through the burner nozzle. The lower portion of the passage54 joins an enlarged passageway 58, the lower portion of which is closedover by means of a threaded nut 59. Disposed within the lower portion ofthe passageway 54 is a valve provided with four passageways 5|.Cooperating with the valve fill is a plunger 62 having an enlarged baseportion 63 which slidingly engages the walls of the passageway 58. Aspring 64 engages the nut 59 and the plunger 62 so as to bias both theplunger 62 and the valve 60 toward a valve seat 6|, thereby normally toclose the passageways 5|. The lower end of the plunger 62 is disposedbelow the normal static oil level as will hereinafter appear, and thusforms a dash pot which prevents the plunger from chattering. Thus, airentering the discharge passage 54 through the conduit 55 is normallyforced into the tube 51 so as to be supplied to the burner nozzle.

This primary air pumping unit has a capacity which is always greaterthan the burner requirements and thus, the pressure of the air supplied,will tend to build up, to the extent that it will overcome the pressureof the valve biasing spring 54 so that the air within the passageway 54will by-pass the valve 62 and enter the lower passageway 53, from whichpoint it will escape from the housing 38 by way of an inclined escapeconduit 65. This latter conduit 65 connects the passageway 58 with theair receiving recess 5! so as properly to relieve the pump, during thenormal operation of the burner. As soon as the excess pressure has beenrelieved, the valve 60 will again be forced upwardly by its spring 64 soas to close oif the passageways 5|, and thereby force all of the airfrom the pump to be delivered to the burner nozzle.

The oil pump comprises a rotor 65, the lefthand end portion of which issecured to the drive shaft 3'! by means of a key 61. This rotor ismounted in and. coaxially of a cylindrical chamber 68 formed within theright-hand end portion of the housing 38. It is to be particularly notedthat the chamber 58 communicates directly with the air pump chamber orrecess 42. A hole extends diametrically through the annular wall of therotor 56, forming two cylinders 69, 59. A single piston 15 extendsdiametrically of the rotor and is slidingly engaged in each of thecylinders 59, 69. Fixed to the piston intermediate its ends is acylindrical member H which lies within an open cylindrical recessportion 66' of the rotor menace sum my. low adjustmenh, be positioned.eccentwoolly on coaxially ofithze Imthez outer: Bildi face: of! the:membeit' m1 is at diameimical' slot 12? which; sli'dably: receives:amectangulan block; 1:32 Engagetiiin". thiSbIUCli; k3 is a round; pim'Mwhich isafixed eccentbicafllyi ofi' andiom thezinner end: of aristem'.75; the nighiah'and end. portiom at which iei'mounte'd coasz-iallwofithe-shazfit 351 and wibmh am apeiituiie l6. promide'di in: the:right-hand end poetiomofi'the housing-138i. Emmi thisit Willi beunderstondith'atibyr turningcthe stem 1:5.; the' axis. at the. pin M maybe: moved: intoi vaiiious; positions of eccentricity ne'lativei to:the": axis of. the pump: new 85. This adjustmenhwill. ofi counse, vary:the capacity of the: pump: inorm zeno when fl'iei'piii; axis: disposed'icoaxiallm oil the: rotor; to maximum. when: the pin; axis disposedi at;its gne'atest degree. of eccentricity relative; toi the mtonz.

Thee stem. is; pmyitiedi intermediate its. end portions withi a.flange:- 71. which; is slidingrl-y ne ceived; within! an opening: 18::so; as; to prevent; in cooperation with packing material T9,.the3 escap'ezofiofl througlv. thexopeningi 1.6 oft thehousing 3m Anzirrdicatonarmi flzllzisicanniediup'omthe :distal end pnntion of: thestem 1P5byrmeansi'of a: screw 8 l1, and: this; indicator arm: cooperates iwithfi suitable: indicia markedi upon. a boss: 82;. so; as to: in;-dioate: the degree of aidiiustmenti off the: stem; T: The? entire; stemmay, be adjusted. by; a2 manual movement? of? the. arm: 8th.

As the; rotor 66 rotates: clockwise; as viewed; in B igh 7;. the outer:endi of one; of; thecylindens: G51 (\tlixilowenone willcommunicate withthee-pinup inletj port 83. which: takesthe; formx of. anarcuate groove-edisposed within: the rotorhousing 68;. Astheinotontunns;.theiloweroylindendraws outfi'om its-piston;1 creating.a\ partial vacuum. to dna-w in oil and: fill the cylinden. At the-sametime; the othencylinden, which; had; previously" been filled; is.brought. into.'- communication: with: the: outlet port, 8% termed:similarly: to the: port"- 835. but on the; opposite sid'oofzthe noton551 As':the:notor turns; theruppeii cylinder moves-fin; on its piston tmforceout the oil. into) the: outlet" port 8.44. The outlet port 34K isconnected bya: radial; passage 85 tm a. threaded. apentuhe 8.61 whichopensi at the outside. of. the;casing; 38;, for'theapunpo-se ot' havingconnected: thereto oil; delivery; tube 8 The: oil. inlet port- 831 is.connected: dinectly: with ail/critically dis-posed oil! supply:passage'ifill which 188118110? aithreaded; aperture; 89- which: opens,out at: the lowcremost. poptioni of. the: housing; 38;, so. as to beconnected. with: an: Gill; supply; tube; 90, which; functions, toconnect thew. pump" with: the abnvenotedifioatvalve device? as(*seezfiigalhu,

float valve..- device' functions to. supply oil to: the oil; pump? and;,at the: some time; to. maintain the: static: level; of: the. oil;within: the conduit 88 at; a. height. which. is; below the; cone finesoistheapumpiatzall times. In: this connectt/ionnneferencezmay'besliaditm Figs. 3 whcneim this static oihlevel is. indicated; Bythuszmaintaihing the oil:.b.elowthe"confines of the oil; pump, it wiilbe: understood: that upon: rotation oh the: pump shaft. 37;. the airpump: will:be2iinm'ediate1y of fictive? cause: pximaim supply; at air?toi flowtmancothitough theabumennozzlez. Hbwever since the:- supply oil;is: maintained Within conduit? fill: at; atpoints substantially belowthe iconfine's of the-oihpump it willhe understoodithat ande'finitotime: interval; will elapse. Before theoil pum -I: is effective: to: dIaW- the. 0112 up: through: the": conduit as and to: suppl the: same. toand? thrioug h:v the. bumenfnozzlez. vievwofitliisi-situatiomitiwiillbe' III &

manitestz mam whenever the present: cifi-burnen appawaztiusz is": made:opeiaativa the: primaiiy; source chair will: always bezsupplieditozandathroughithe burnernozzlmbetone any) oil reaches the latter and:thus; proper; combustion will always; result. A1803. iii: will. beappreciatew that: whenever" the pump shaft an stops; there: will: be: notendency ion'theoilifraomithez supply source: to work itsway.tlinoughithezpnmp anditowaizds t'hBblIlEIIBIYHO'ZZIE', for; the static:level: of the: Wlthmi the: passage 88! is always maintained: below the:confines: of pump: Eurthemnorm. sincev the ent-iiie oil appara'tust is"located at: at point. below the. level). oh the: burner nozzle, therewill be no tendency) mnthe nozzle. to: be. supplied: with; oil; once:the: pumpz-sliaitt 3H; has. ceased. toarntato:

The above noted float-valve device: 26 isbest iiliisti-ated ini 11 8:which]. disclose: this device comprising: a: hollow. open top; casing;92% Rlefenringi" particularly to. Fig; 8, it..-isa to: be understoodthatst'his casing li'aseformed. therein a ifloatichambeir 92: In:operation; oil. flows: from" a: supply tame. not; herein. shown. by wayof" a: time Qfii which maybeconnected-1 to: an opening 8:! formedwithihi the. lower portion: of: the: casing: W. This. opening-i Bil. mayhe provided; with 3L cartridge. type strainer: 98: through, which theoil; must pass; before: teachingan inlet valve:- 99; @111 entering: the?casing 9.1 by way oi. the; valve din. will collect; within theiflo'atchamber 92; and will: ultimately" raiseafloat member Hill which:wiilbezeffective: to: shiita needle valve m I down.- wandly' so as toprevent: the upward passage of: oili thmugh theinletsvaliletilih Morespecifically",v the float memhcr ldlll,.upon'. raising-,will turn; atrip: leviexi I02! which. is. pivoted by: means. oil a pim iiw uponastationary bracket? I043 therehy to swing; the: righti-ha ndi end;portion: of the trip IEV-BIJ" [112x downwandly: 1117115; to: be.particularly noted that. the trip: lever' Hi2 carries; a; pin Iengagesian opening iinithezneedlelvalve I10]? so asit'o lower thelatteigathereby closingpirf'the: inietivalire an. float member m'ayrbewelded orfothez wise secured: to the trip: lever liili2. The abovemoted:delivery-tube. 9 at is connected? directly; to: thecliam'hen limes at96",.so asato: deliver the: GiliiiO .theicomiuit. 83 oh theioilpumpzcasing. The float: valve? device:- is so". locatedi relative to:the" oil;- pumpabymeans-i of-ith'e' bracket'25! that the static: levehof. the: oil: is allways maintained at. a height asii'ndi'cated? best inFig.3:

If. desired; a' magnetic: coiintei'balarmsv I 116 may beta/Tried: by.the. bracket I D4. for efiectiveiy reducingithei weightzcff the floatIEO; as the). latter: approaches thamagnet; and action. resultsdn. amono: constant love-1?. of. oil; in. the chamber 92 'llhu'sz. theabove-1 float; valve apparatus will be eiiiectivez to: maintain:Withinz. thev pump: supply. conduit: 88; as constant. static? levelwhich: will. be. disposed at alli times a substantial distance below theconfiiies of 'tlie oil pump.

Sit/i111 referring ti)- Fig. 8, the present-float; valvedevi'wmay-bep'rovided with a secondary chasm be'r I'm Within whichisprovided a*- secondary fibat NW2 This float W8 is pivotall-y connectedto. one end of a yoke ma by=meansof a rod: I. I 0 and! a pma I I I. Inthe event-that. the-float- I00" should: not function properly; the oilwithinthe chamber am will spill into: the secondary chamhen mm by! way)ofi a-notcn m s'o a s'to raise the float; 108i th'eiieby toraisethe=1eft'-liand end of the yoke. me which is pivoted. t'othe;bracket "W by: means: of a -pin; l lti This' movement of the yoke: Iilmwilll be efiective td ioroeithe"needie' vailve HM? tbi" its closedposililol'i through?- the medium of a screw IM. Actually, when theleft-hand end of the yoke I39 moves into the field of a second magnetH4, the needle valve iiiI will be snapped into its closed position whereit will remain until the second float I08 is manually reset by means ofa hand lever H which projects from the yoke we. Thus, this second floatI08 with its yoke E39, functions as a safety mechanism which willoperate only in the event that the main portion of the float mechanismfails to operate properly. The particular construction details of theabove noted float valve mechanism do not form a part of the presentinvention and thus, they have been described only in sufficient detailso that a complete understanding of the functioning of the presentinvention be appreciated.

Referring again to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it is to be noted that the oilsupply conduit 88 has communicating therewith an inclined conduit H8,the lower portion of which opens out of the bottom of a verticallydisposed conduit II9 formed within the end plate to. The bottom of theconduit H3 is closed over by means of a plug I20, while the upperportion thereof is exposed to a portion of the pump shaft 31. Disposedwithin the conduit H9 is a wick I2I which functions to conduct oil fromthe passage H3 to the shaft 31 for the purpose of lubricating the same.Such lubricating oil will, of course, work its way toward the left-handend portion of the shaft 31, and in order to prevent this oil fromfinding its way into the motor casing, there is formed a 7 return duct522 which functions to collect this oil and return the same to thewicking I2 I.

Still referring to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it is to be particularly notedthat the oil and air pumping units are disposed within cavities 68 and42 formed within the housing 33, which cavities are directly adjacenteach other, so that the lefthand end portion of the pump rotor 56 isdirectly exposed to the cavity 42. From this, it will be readilyappreciated that some of the oil within the oil pump unit will find itsway into the cavity 42, thereby to lubricate the air pump. However, inthe course of time, this lubricating oil will accumulate within thecavity 42 and should be removed so as to prevent the air pump fromdelivering oil to the burner nozzle. In order to so remove thislubricating oil from the casing .2, the lower portion 58 of the airdischarge conduit 55 is provided with a conduit 123 (see 2 and 4). thelower end portion of which is connected to the conduit H8 (see Fig. 3).From this, it will be understood that during the operation of thepresent apparatus, the air pump will tend to discharge its excesslubricating oil into the vertical discharge passageway 53 by way of theair outlet port 55. The air will, of course, pass upwardly within thedischarge conduit 54 so as to be delivered to the burner nozzle, but thelubricating oil will condense within the passage 54 and accumulate inand about the valve 3t. Thus, whenever the air pressure within thedischarge conduit 54 exceeds a predetermined value, the Valve $2 willshift downwardly against the force of its biasing spring "6 thereby tobleed oil the air in a manner as hereinabove noted. Of course, as soonas the valve 62 is so open, the accumulated oil will drain through thevalve seat 66 and into the lower portion 58 of the air dischargeconduit, to the end that it will find its way into the conduit I23 whichwill deliver the same back to the oil supply. Since, as hereinabovenoted, the capacity of the air pump is greater than the normal airrequirements of the nozzle, the valve 62 will be opened and closed atfrequent intervals, so that it will be impossible for undue quantitiesof lubricating oil to collect within the upper portion of. the airdischarge conduit 54. From the above, it will be appreciated that theparticular air and oil pump construction herein disclosed is mostadvantageous, for it is not only simple in construction, but it isentirely selflubricating, and, at the same time, requires no complexpacking instrumentalities so as to prevent the escape of oil from thehousing 38.

In order to prevent any of the lubricating oil from finding its way fromthe cavity 42 and past the adjacently disposed faces of the housing 38and the end wall 40, there is provided between these two faces anannular gasket I24. This gasket is placed in an annular recess I25formed within the end face of the housing 38. A similar but smallerannular gasket I28 is provided within an annular recess I2? whichencircles the passageway H8.

The air and oil discharge ports 56 and 83 of the supply unit arerespectively connected by pipes or tubes 51 and 8'! to passages I28 andI29 (see Fig. 9) in a member I30. This member comprises anozzle-carrying unit which is mounted within the blast tube I5 in theusual manner. Fastened to the forward end of the member I30, as by a capI3I screwed on to the body, is a nozzle unit I32 having a frusto-conicalouter end and a member I33 having a complementary shaped part to engagesaid end and having a nozzle orifice I3 4. The nozzle body has a centraloil discharge passage I35 communicating directly with the passage I29.Formed within the abutting end of the bodies I30 and I33 is an annularpassageway I35 receiving air from the passage I28 and discharging itthrough two longitudinal passages I37. The passages I31 connect one witheach of two slots I33 (Fig. 10), the inner ends of which opentangentially into a whirl chamber I39 formed between the meetingfrusto-conical parts and surrounding the frusto-conical end of the oilnozzle.

Air entering through slots I38 is whirled around in the chamber andissues from the nozzle in a whirling stream surrounding the oil stream.As hereinabove noted, the present apparatus is so devised that upon therotation of the pump shaft 31, air will be first directed to and throughthe burner nozzle before any oil is delivered thereto, so as to insure aproper initial combustion of the oil when it finally arrives at thenozzle.

As hereinabove noted, the motor shaft 34 extends through the left-handend portion of the motor casing so as to have mounted upon the distalend portion of the shaft, the fan 24 which is adapted to supply asecondary source of air to the burner. This secondary source of air, asdescribed hereinabove, is delivered through the blast tube It and aboutthe outside of the burner nozzle to insure sufficient combustion of theoil within the furnace combustion chamber. As hereinabove mentioned, thepresent invention contemplates the provision of an overrunning clutchbetween the fan 24 and the motor shaft 34, so that the fan may continueto rotate long after the motor has been completely deenergized.

The fan itself is of a conventional design and comprises a circular backplate Mt, a front ring MI, and a plurality of blades I42 which aresecured between the ring MI and the back plate I39. Referringparticularly to Figs. 12 and 13, it is to be understood that the backplate I 40 is proactress w'idedwith "a hollow hu'b "portion was which"is mounted -uponapairofspacedball bearingmemhers I44, I4'4'-wliichEFBJIlIlT/HTIIQHIOHH'EGG. upon-a sleeve 4'45 secured to thesha'ft =34asby means-of a key I45.

One end p'ortiono'f the sleeve I45 has formed thereon part of anoverrunning or one way clutch which includes a cylindrical "disk 14'1.Abouttheperipheral portion' of the disk I41, there is provided .a seriesof ball-receiving seats 148. Each of "these seats is adapted to house asingle hardened ball IM which is normally biased into engagement with ahardenedsoylindrical wallcsurface I51! formed within .the back dilate*zCoil springs I-5I maybe .pmvidedifcr Thiasing' the iballs".Iflmutwardly. .From .t-hezaboyepit will bewilderstood ithat the wallsurf ace c159 2036 the back rplate IM functions in .coniunction the diskI31 and'the balls I 49 .toformazcomplete overrumimg clutch. Referringparticularly to .lFig. 12, .it 'will be understood that whenever thesleeve I45, with its disk I41, rotates in a clockwise direction, each ofthe balls I49 will be forced into engagement with the back wall surfaceI50, to the end that the entire fan unit 24 will be rotated insynchronism therewith. However, in the event that the shaft 34 isdecelerated, it should be clear that the fan 24, due to its momentum,will tend to continue its rotation unimpaired by the drag of the sleeveI45, by reason of the fact that such relative rotation between the fanand the disk I41 will force the balls I49 out of effective engagementwith the cylindrical surface I50;

It is to be noted that the fan 24 is prevented from shiftinglongitudinally of the shaft 34 by means of a hub I52 and a washer I53.The hub is secured directly upon the end portion of the shaft 34 as bymeans of a set screw I 54, while the washer I53 is retained in itsproper position by means of a snap ring I55. This snap ring may bepositioned within a groove I56 formed about the shaft 34 in the usualfashion. This Washer I53 also functions as an end cover for one face ofthe above described clutch.

From the above, it will be appreciated that whenever the motor isenergized, it will function immediately to rotate the fan 24 through themedium of the above described overrunning clutch, to the end that airwill be supplied through the blast tube I5 to the furnace combustionchamber for the purpose of purging the same of all volatile gases beforethe oil burner ignition means are fired. After the motor, with its fan24, reaches a predetermined speed, the centrifugal clutch will becomeeffective to initiate movement of the air and oil pump shaft 31, so thatthe primary stream of air may be delivered to and through the burnernozzle. As hereinabove noted, the present apparatus is so designed thatthe oil supply will not be delivered to the nozzle until the primary airblast has been established within the nozzle. Thus, with the presentinvention, no fuel can ever be delivered to the furnace until an airblast has been established first about the outside portions of thenozzle and secondly, through the nozzle itself. Also, whenever the motoris deenergized, the shaft 31, by reason of the centrifugal clutch, willbe disconnected from the motor, and due to the inertia of the oil pumpwill soon cease rotation, while the fan 24 will continue to rotate at asubstantially high speed, due to the fact that it is mounted onantifriction bearings, and that the overrunning clutch functions torelease the fan from the motor as soon as the latter tends to 10rieclerate. "Therefore, "the motor and the air and -'oil pumps, duringthe deceleration period, place no drag upon *the fan and the latter ispermitted-to run unimpaired, so that it 'will be effective to maintaincomplete -'combus'tion until all the oil '--is consumed'land thereafter,it will function to purge -t=he ifurnace combustion chamber. In thislatter "connection, it will also be "recalled that the oil 'pump islocated below the lcvel of the burner nozzle, and it is also providedwith a supply er e11, tha static level of which is locaited below theconfines of the pump, -=so that as soon'as the 'shaft 8d decelerates,'theaoil pump \w -ili be inefi'ectiyle to supply any oi-l to :the burnermuzzle. .irlurthermore, with this ACOlflStIillQtlOl'l, it gbeimpossible-for zany oil to leak from the :oil pumpzto therburner. tinthelpresent-oilzburnei (12338 .011 delivery :line $6.1 zaszwelil as the-.condu'it :9 within the mozalemarmi g member rec are sinelined sli h lyiso '15s its force the :uneqnsumed oil to drain back to the oil supplywhenever the oil pump is deenergized, thereby to prevent nozzle cokingand to insure clean combustion. of course, when this oil drains back tothe oil pump unit, it will finally be delivered to the oil supplyconduit 88, and as this conduit is connected with the fioat chamber 52,the static oil level will be slightly readjusted. Quite clearly, sincethe oil surface area of the chamber 92 is relatively large, this oilwhich drains back from the nozzle, will raise the normal static level ofthe oil within the conduit 88 a slight degree only.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, apositively-acting displacement pump for supplying air, inlet anddischarge conduits for said air pump, a pump for supplying oil, meansproviding fluid communication between the two pumps, whereby suiiicientoil may enter said air pump for lubricating the latter, a by-passconduit from said air discharge conduit to the outside of the pump forrelieving the air pressure within such air discharge conduit, anoil-conducting conduit providing fluid communication between said airdischarge conduit and the suction side of said oil pump thereby toreturn oil to said oil pump from said air pump, and apressure-responsive valve means in said air discharge conduit forblocking off communication between said air discharge conduit and saidby-pass and oil-conducting conduits, said valve means being movable tounblock communication between such conduits whenever the air pressurewithin said air discharge conduit reaches a predetermined value.

2. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, apositively-acting displacement pump for supplying air, an inlet conduitand a substantially vertically disposed discharge conduit for said airpump, a pump for supplying oil, means providing fluid communicationbetween the two pumps, whereby sumcient oil may enter said air pump forlubricating the latter, an upwardly inclined by-pass conduit leadingfrom the lower portion of said air discharge conduit to the outside ofthe pump for relieving the air pressure within such air dischargeconduit, an oil-conducting conduit communicating said air dischargeconduit at a location below said by-pass conduit with the suction sideof said oil pump thereby to return oil to said oil pump from said airpump, and a pressure-responsive valve means disposed within the lowerportion of said air discharge conduit for blocking off communicationbetween such cOnduit and said by-pass and oil-conducting conduits, saidvalve means being movable to unblock communication between such conduitswhenever the air pressure within said air discharge conduit reaches apredetermined value.

3. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, a pumpcasing having a pair of directly adjacent intercommunicating rotorcavities therein, a positively-acting displacement pump including arotor disposed in one of said cavities for supplying air, air inlet anddischarge conduits for said air pump, a pump including a rotor disposedwithin the other cavity for supplying oil, the rotor of said oil pumpbeing exposed directly to that cavity containing said air pump so as tosupply a suificient oil to said air pump for lubricating the latter,bypass means for bleeding air from said air discharge conduit thereby torelieve the air pressure within such air discharge conduit, means forreturning the lubricating oil from the air discharge conduit to said oilpump, and a pressure-responsive valve within said air discharge conduitfor connecting and disconnecting said last two mentioned means to andfrom said air discharge conduit as the air pressure within such conduitrespectively rises above and falls below a predetermined value.

WARREN H. DE LANCEY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,396,823 Fesler Nov. 15, 1921 1,591,976 Holden July 13, 19261,631,859 Goodridge June 7, 1927 1,740,587 Greenfield Dec. 24, 19292,132,130 Sallot Oct. 4, 1938 2,378,379 Behrens June 19, 1945 2,409,477Delancey Oct. 15, 1946

